Response, treatment and prevention strategies for dengue fever

Dengue Fever is one of the virus-induced infectious diseases that occur in some areas, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. The disease is spread through Adesmosquito, which is caused by Dengue virus. The virus enters the blood of a person infected by a mosquito that bites the skin and spreads to others through the mosquito.

[The cause of the outbreak]
■ Dengue Virus: The main cause of dengue fever is dengue virus. The virus is classified into four different types, all of which can cause infection in humans. When the virus is bitten by an infected mosquito, it spreads as it bites the infected person again.
■ Mosquito medium: the dengue virus is transmitted by the Addis mosquito species. In particular, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are the main carriers of transmission. These mosquitoes are mainly active during the day and inhabit human residential areas, making it particularly susceptible to dengue fever in cities and urban areas.

[Symptoms]
Symptoms of dengue fever generally include cold-like symptoms, but can be more severe and acute. Major symptoms include painful muscle and joint pain, rash, fever, headache, red eyes, and bleeding. Some patients may develop a more severe form of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever or Dengue Shock Syndrome.

[Treatment method]
The treatment of dengue fever mainly consists of symptom management and liquid restoration treatment as follows.
■ Rest and maintenance fluid treatment: When symptoms are severe, you must rest, and the main treatment is body fluid restoration treatment to maintain moisture intake and prevent dehydration to maintain blood circulation and restore the function of the body.
■ Pain and fever relief: Painkillers and fever reducers can be used if you have painful symptoms such as muscle pain, joint pain, and headache. However, aspirin should be avoided, and acetaminophen (pancol) or ibuprofen should be used instead of aspirin.
■ Meals and nutrition: Meals should be maintained as light, digestible meals. It is helpful to eat simple food little by little because you may not have an appetite.
■ Inpatient treatment: Patients with severe dengue fever, especially those with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue hemorrhagic syndrome, should be hospitalized. These patients should be monitored for platelet counts through careful medical monitoring and blood tests.
■ Blood replacement therapy: Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever may need blood replacement therapy when bleeding is severe. This increases the number of platelets and helps improve blood circulation.
■ Medical assistance in case of worsening symptoms: Patients with dengue fever may experience worsening symptoms, so any symptoms should be carefully monitored. In particular, if you have anemia, severe abdominal pain, blood vomit, hematuria, etc., you should contact your medical representative immediately.

[Prevention method]
Key strategies for preventing dengue fever include.
■ Eliminate Mosquitoes: The dengue virus spreads through mosquitoes, so it is important not to get bitten by mosquitoes. Mosquito nets, mosquito repellents, and long clothes are worn, and mosquitoes breed by the water, so it is helpful to move the living area to places where there is no water.
■ Vaccines: Vaccines to prevent dengue fever are available in some countries. Vaccines can reduce the spread of the virus from people infected with mosquitoes to others, and are mainly recommended in areas with frequent dengue outbreaks. Vaccine candidates for dengue fever include.
 · CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia): CYD-TDV, also known as Sanofi James (Dengvaxia), is currently the only commercially available vaccine to prevent dengue of dengue fever. The vaccine provides protection for four different types of dengue virus. It is mainly used for children and adults over the age of 9, and has been approved and used in several countries. However, there is controversy over the effectiveness and side effects of vaccines, and vaccination targets and schedules may vary depending on regional and epidemiological situations.
 · TAK-003 (Dengue Tetravalent Vacine): TAK-003 is a vaccine candidate for four types of dengue virus under development by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company. Clinical trials have shown it to be effective, especially for children and adolescents. It is currently not approved, but is considered a new vaccine option to prevent dengue fever.
 · TetraVax-DV (TDV): TDV is a vaccine candidate being developed by Dr. Dominic Golding and his research group. The vaccine uses a non-toxic virus to induce immunity to four types of dengue virus. Not yet commercialized and undergoing clinical trials.
 · TV003/TV005: TV003 and TV005 are among the candidates for tetravalent vaccines against dengue viruses, and are being studied by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). These vaccine candidates are undergoing clinical trials, and studies are being conducted to confirm their effectiveness and safety in preventing dengue fever.
■ Pre-Travel Prevention : If you want to travel to tropical and subtropical regions, consider mosquito repellent and vaccines. It is recommended to get a dengue prevention vaccine before traveling.
■ Regional control and mosquito management : local health authorities should control the breeding grounds of dengue mosquitoes and make efforts to combat them.

Dengue fever can be a serious disease, and prevention or early diagnosis and treatment are important. Therefore, it is important to take mosquito bites and preventive measures, and get medical help immediately if symptoms of dengue occur.